These indigenous princely states believed in independent governance, which was the biggest obstacle in building a strong India. At this time India had three types of states 1 'Territories of British India', 2 'Princely states' and the colonial territories of France and Portugal. After the Indian independence; princely states had nodded to join the Indian Confederation except Hyderabad, Junagadh, Bhopal and Kashmir.
Since the indian independence the boundaries of the Indian states keep on changing year by year. Uttar Pradesh : This state is popular as the land of the powerful empire. Before becoming uttar Pradesh in it was known as the United Provinces which was united by adding Oudh and Agra regions.
Bihar : This state was formed by the english on 22 March but it got full statehood on 26 January It was further bifurcated in and a new state namly Jharkhand was created.
Assam : Assam became a British protectorate in Assam was separated from Bengal in In , it was reformed as Assam province under British rule. Greater Assam included Meghalaya, Nagaland, and Mizoram. It get full statehood on 26 January Odisha : Orissa was made a separate province on 1 April by the British and in became a state. It was renamed Odisha in Andhra Pradesh : it was given statehood on 1 November Before becoing a separate state it was the part of state of Madras.
The north-western part of Andhra Pradesh was separated to form Telangana on 2 June Madhya Pradesh : It came into existence in It was further bifurcated in and Chhattisgarh became a new state. Kerala : Former states of Travancore, Cochin, and Malabar were merged together to form the state of Kerala in It got full statehood on November 1, Karnataka : It was formed as a Mysore State on 1 November Mysore state was created by bringing together all Kannada speaking regions in The tribal councils in NEFA were functioning on the lines of the system evolved for parliamentary democracy, which is in vogue now a days.
They had the support of both social and supernatural. Thus, the concept of parliamentary democracy is not new to the tribal society. The history of the growth of political process in Arunachal Pradesh dates back to when the British-India Government started to define the administrative jurisdiction by drawing an Inner Line in relation to the frontier tribes inhabiting the North Frontier Tract, the area was kept outside the purview of regular laws of the country.
Thereafter, the British followed the policy of gradual penetration to bring more areas under normal administration. By virtue of the Indian Independence Act , the Government of Assam assumed administrative jurisdiction over North East Frontier Tracts and the Governor of Assam was divested of his discretionary powers.
After independence, a sub-committee headed by Gopinath Bordoloi was appointed by the Constituent Assembly of India to recommend the future pattern of administration of the North Eastern Frontier Areas.
The Bordoloi Committee recommended that since the administration has been satisfactorily established over a sufficiently wide area, the Government of Assam should take over that area by the strength of a notification.
In , the units of the tracts were reconstituted again and Tuensang Frontier Division was created which later merged with Nagaland. Thereafter, the administration was brought under the Ministry of External Affairs and in August , it was brought under the supervision and control of the Ministry of Home Affairs. It remained so, until the attainment of Union Territory status by Arunachal Pradesh in It was only in that the virtue of the enactment of 37th Constitutional Amendment Act that the Pradesh Council was constituted as a separate Legislative Assembly and Lt.
Islamic militants killed 27 Hindus, including 13 women and one child, in Qasim Nagar on July 13, The Indian government placed the state of Jammu and Kashmir under presidential rule from October 18 to November 2, Government police and Islamic militants clashed at the Raghunath and Panchvaktar temples in Jammu on November , , resulting in the deaths of 14 individuals.
The U. Government troops killed eight Islamic militants northwest of Srinagar on June 12, Islamic militants attacked a government army camp on June 28, , resulting in the deaths of 12 government soldiers and two militants. Nine individuals were killed in clashes between Islamic militants and government troops on June 29, Pakistan condemned the Islamic militants on June 30, A suicide bomber attacked and killed four government soldiers in Srinagar on July 20, Islamic militants killed two individuals in Srinagar on July 29, Islamic militants killed 35 Hindus in Dida and Udhampur districts on April 30, Suspected members of the Islamic militant group, Lashkar-e-Taiba, killed eight individuals in Srinagar on July 11, Two Islamic militants were killed by government troops in Sopore on January 1, Four Islamic militants were killed by government police in Udhampur District on January 4, Two government soldiers were killed in a grenade attack in the village of Kulgam on June 1, Thirteen individuals, including 10 Islamic militants and two government soldiers, were killed in clashes in Kupwara District on June 28, Two government soldiers and nine Islamic militants were killed in clashes in Tangmarg on October , Five government soldiers and two civilians were killed in an explosion at a military camp in Pattan township on October 11, The Islamic militant group, Hizbul-Mujahideen, claimed responsibility for the explosion.
The same day, Islamic militants ambushed and killed two government soldiers in Baramullah District. Government troops clashed with Islamic militants in Avantipora District on December 5, , resulting in the deaths of two government soldiers and two militants. Islamic militants from the state of Jammu and Kashmir were suspected of killing seven government soldiers at a military camp in Rampur in the state of Uttar Pradesh on January 2, On January 30, , government troops killed four members of the Islamic militant group, Hizbul-Mujahideen, in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Government troops killed four Islamic militants in the village of Saidapora in Shopian District on February 29, Government troops clashed with Islamic militants in Srinagar on March 23, , resulting in the deaths of four government soldiers and one militant.
Government troops clashed with Islamic militants in Samba District on May 11, , resulting in the deaths of four civilians, one government soldier, and two militants. Two Islamic militants were killed during clashes with government troops in the village of Chhotipora on June 2, The same day, four Islamic militants were killed by government troops in the districts of Baramullah and Bandipora. Islamic militants ambushed and killed five government soldiers in Kishtwar District on June 13, The state of Jammu and Kashmir was placed under presidential rule on July 11, Government troops clashed with Islamic militants near the town of Sopore on July 16, , resulting in the deaths of two militants and one government soldier.
Nine government soldiers were killed in a bus explosion near Srinagar on July 19, The Islamic militant group, H izbul-Mujahideen, claimed responsibility for the explosion. Two civilians were killed in a grenade attack by suspected Islamic militants in Gulmarg on July 20, The same day, two government soldiers were killed during clashes with Islamic militants in Rajouri.
A former member of a militant group and three members of his family were killed by Islamic militants in Doda District on July 23, Five civilians, including one women and four children, were killed in a bombing by suspected Islamic militants in Srinagar on July 24, Government police killed some 14 Muslim protesters in several locations in the state of Jammu and Kashmir on August 12, Government police killed one Muslim protester in Srinagar on August 14, Government troops launched an assault on Islamic militants holding nine individuals hostage in Jammu on August , , resulting in the deaths of three of the hostages and three militants.
Two individuals were killed in clashes between government police and demonstrators in the towns on Shopian and Baramullah on September 12, Two government soldiers were killed in clashes with Islamic militants in the Poonch region on September 22, Government troops killed five members of the Islamic militant group, H izbul-Mujahideen, in Kishtwar District on October 27, Government police clashed with members of the Islamic militant group, Lashkar-e-Taiba, in Doda District on December , , resulting in the deaths of three militants and one government soldier.
Presidential rule in the state of Jammu and Kashmir ended on January 5, Some 25 individuals, including eight government soldiers and 17 militants, were killed in clashes between government troops and members of the Islamic militant group, Lashkar-e-Taiba , in Kupwara District on March , Government troops clashed with Islamic militants in Poonch District on September 9, , resulting in the deaths of two militants and one government soldier.
Two government policemen and one civilian were killed in a bombing in Srinagar on September 12,
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